Rabu, 06 Januari 2010

sq3r

Survey! Question! Read! Recite! Review!

Before you read, Survey
the chapter:

  • the title, headings, and subheadings

  • captions under pictures, charts, graphs or maps

  • review questions or teacher-made study guides

  • introductory and concluding paragraphs

  • summary

Question
while you are surveying:

  • Turn the title, headings, and/or subheadings into questions;

  • Read questions at the end of the chapters or after each subheading;

  • Ask yourself, "What did my instructor say about this chapter or subject when it was assigned?"

  • Ask yourself, "What do I already know about this subject?"

Note: If it is helpful to you, write out these questions for consideration. This variation is called SQW3R

When you begin to
Read:

  • Look for answers to the questions you first raised;

  • Answer questions at the beginning or end of chapters or study guides

  • Reread captions under pictures, graphs, etc.

  • Note all the underlined, italicized, bold printed words or phrases

  • Study graphic aids

  • Reduce your speed for difficult passages

  • Stop and reread parts which are not clear

  • Read only a section at a time and recite after each section

Recite
after you've read a section:

  • Orally ask yourself questions about what you have just read
    or summarize, in your own words, what you read

  • Take notes from the text but write the information in your own words

  • Underline or highlight important points you've just read

  • Use the method of recitation which best suits your particular learning style but remember, the more senses you use the more likely you are to remember what you read - i.e.,

    TRIPLE STRENGTH LEARNING: Seeing, saying, hearing-
    QUADRUPLE STRENGTH LEARNING: Seeing , saying , hearing, writing!!!

Review:
an ongoing process.

Day One

  • After you have read and recited the entire chapter,
    write questions in the margins for those points you have highlighted or underlined.

  • If you took notes while reciting,
    write questions for the notes you have taken in the left hand margins of your notebook.

Day Two

  • Page through the text and/or your notebook to re-acquaint yourself with the important points.

  • Cover the right hand column of your text/note-book and orally ask yourself the questions in the left hand margins.

  • Orally recite or write the answers from memory.

  • Make "flash cards" for those questions which give you difficulty.

  • Develop mnemonic devices for material which need to be memorized.

Days Three, Four and Five

  • Alternate between your flash cards and notes and test yourself (orally or in writing) on the questions you formulated.

  • Make additional flash cards if necessary.

Weekend

Using the text and notebook, make a Table of Contents - list all the topics and sub-topics you need to know from the chapter.
From the Table of Contents, make a Study Sheet/ Spatial Map.
Recite the information orally and in your own words as you put the Study Sheet/Map together.

Now that you have consolidated all the information you need for that chapter, periodically review the Sheet/Map so that at test time you will not have to cram.

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